Beckmann Rearrangement
“The acid-induced reaction that converts oxime to amide is called Beckmann rearrangement” In the Beckmann rearrangement, migration of the group does not depend upon migration aptitude but depends upon the orientation of the group related to a hydroxyl group. In…
Steroids
What are steroids? Classification of steroids: 1. Sterol: These core structure of steroid ( C-17) with the aliphatic side chain and one or more hydroxyl groups attached with them, these are also called steroid alcohols. Phytosterols Mycosterols Zoosterols Marine sterols Some other sterols are : Lanosterol Lupeol Oleanolic acid 2. Sex hormones: The core structure…
Citral
What is citral? Chemical formula: the chemical formula of citral is C10H16O Boiling point : Its boiling point is 77 Medicinal properties: Citral has the properties of Uses: It is used extensively in the perfume and flavour industry to stimulate lemon-like odour. It is for the formation of vitamin A. Recently, it has become important…
Wolf Rearrangement
Define : When an α-diazo ketone is decomposed thermally photo-chemically or catalytically and converted to ketone by removal of dinitrogen, it is called wolf rearrangement. The reaction was given by Ludwing Wolf in 1902. Reaction: When ketene is formed it acts as an intermediate for forming acid Ester and Amide. Mechanism of Wolf Rearrangement: Wolf…
Steroid hormones
What are steroid hormones? A steroid hormone is a steroid that functions as a hormone. Steroid hormones are a class of hormones derived from cholesterol that function as chemical messengers in the body. These are produced in the adrenal cortex, testis, ovary, and some other peripheral tissues. All steroid hormones originate from cholesterol but differ…
Hoffmann Rearrangement
The reaction in which the conversion of amides to amine with one carbon atom less than the starting material in the presence of Br2 and KOH or alkaline Hypohalite is called Hoffmann rearrangement. This rearrangement was given by Agust Wilhem. Reaction : Mechanism of the Hofmann Rearrangement: Step 1: Deprotonation of amide by Base…
Terpenoids
What are terpenoids? [ez-toc] Those organic compounds which are derived from a combination of two or more isoprene units are called terpenoids. Terpenoids form naturally occurring organic compounds, most of which occur in plants and some are obtained from other sources. These are volatile compounds that give odor and fragrances to plants and flowers. They…
Uses of sugar industry products (2) and byproducts (4)
[ez-toc]Sugar industry produce one to two products and a number of byproducts as its main function is synthesis of sugar. Major product of sugar industry is sugar ( brown and white ), and major byproducts are leaves, bagasse, filter cake ( also called filter mud, mud cake or compressed cake ), and molasses. Products of…
ABO Blood Group System
ABO Blood group ABO blood group system is primarily a blood type classification system. ABO blood group test is a simple test used to determine the blood group of an individual. It is also called ABO typing. There are 04 major blood groups given below: Blood Group A Blood Group B Blood Group AB Blood…
