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Qualitative test for Carbohydrates
Qualitative test for Carbohydrates The qualitative tests for carbohydrates such as (Molish, Benedict, Fehling, Osazone, and Barfoed tests) are used to detect the presence of reducing and non-reducing, mono and disaccharides in a sample. Here are common qualitative tests for carbohydrates: EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS 1. Molish Test The molish test is a simple, rapid, and chemical-sensitive…
Pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement
An Acid catalyzed rearrangement in which 1,2-diol or pinacole is converted to carbonyl compound is called pinacole- pinacolone rearrangement. Pinacole : 2,3- dimethyl butane-2,3-diol Pinacolone :3,3-dimethyl-2- butanone Reaction of Pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement: Mechanism of pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement: Mechanism of pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement takes place in four steps Step(01): In this step hydroxyl group of pinacole is protonated by…
Wolf Rearrangement
Define : When an α-diazo ketone is decomposed thermally photo-chemically or catalytically and converted to ketone by removal of dinitrogen, it is called wolf rearrangement. The reaction was given by Ludwing Wolf in 1902. Reaction: When ketene is formed it acts as an intermediate for forming acid Ester and Amide. Mechanism of Wolf Rearrangement: Wolf…
Favorskii Rearrangement
Base catalyzed rearrangement in which α-halo ketone or cyclopropane having at least one α-H reacts with base give carboxylic acid or their derivatives. In favorskii rearrangement, the base decides our product e.g. if alkoxide is used as a base then an ester will be formed. If hydroxide is used as a base then carboxylic acid…