Polysaccharides: Carbohydrates are composed of ten or more monosaccharides units held together by glycosidic bond is called polysaccharides. These are colloidal in size. It is known as “glycans” .These are classified in two groups Homo polysaccharides. Hetero polysaccharides. Homo polysaccharides: These polysaccharides is made up of several units of one and same type of monosaccharides…
Disaccharides: Among the oligosaccharides, disaccharides are the most common carbohydrates. It consists of two monosaccharide units. Two monosaccharides are held together by a glycosidic bond. Examples of disaccharides are maltose, sucrose, and lactose.[ez-toc] These are crystalline, water-soluble, and sweet. There are two types Reducing disaccharides Non reducing disaccharides Reducing Disaccharides: Reducing disaccharides with a free…
Organic compounds having saturated carbon atoms are called alkanes. It contains sp3 hybridized carbons with all σ bonds and is the least reactive compound of the organic family. They are also called paraffin (waxy). [ez-toc] Introduction: Alkanes are saturated organic compounds that possess carbon and hydrogen with a single covalent bond. They consist of a…
Alkenes are unsaturated compounds having C-C double bonds. They are also called as olefins(meaning “oil forming gas”). Each double- bonded carbons in alkenes is sp2 hybridized .They are reactive as compared to alkanes because of presence of π-bond which is easily broken and hence undergo a number of reactions. [ez-toc] Introduction: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons…
Monosaccharides Monosaccharides examples are trioses, tetroses, pentoses, hexoses and heptoses, octose and nonose. It contains an aldehyde functional group called aldoses sugar and it contains a ketone functional group in its structure that is called ketoses sugar. These are the carbohydrates and they have a general formula (CnH2O)n and cannot be further hydrolyzed. They are…
What are Carbohydrates? [ez-toc] It is defined as polyhydroxy (more than one hydroxy group) aldehydes or ketones compounds produced on hydrolysis, which are called carbohydrates. The name carbohydrates means ‘hydrates of carbon‘. They are the most abundant organic molecules in nature. They are composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. The empirical formula of carbohydrates is…
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