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What are the transition elements? Those elements, which have partially filled d or f-subshells in atomic state, are called transition elements. The d-block and s-block elements are called transition elements because they are located between… Read More »Transition elements
Qualitative test for Carbohydrates The qualitative tests for carbohydrates such as (Molish, Benedict, Fehling, Osazone, and Barfoed tests) are used to detect the presence of reducing and non-reducing, mono and disaccharides in a sample. Here… Read More »Qualitative test for Carbohydrates
Sample collection The process of acquiring tissues, fluids, any other sample, or material for laboratory analysis is called the sample collection process. For example, if we want to analyze the protein source, it will be… Read More »Sample Collection Process
What is lipids? Lipids are organic heterogeneous compounds found in living organisms and are long chains of triglycerides of fatty acids. These qualitative tests for lipids are used to analyze the properties of fats and… Read More »Qualitative tests for lipids
The reaction in which aldehyde or ketone react with phosphorus ylide to give alkenes and triphenyl phosphine oxide. Actually ylide is a neutral molecule having a negative carbon adjacent to a positive heteroatoms. This phosphorus… Read More »Witting Reaction
Those carbonyl compound which donot contain α-H react in the presence of conc. base gives alcohol ( reduced product) and acidic salt (oxidized Product). Reaction of cannizzaro: Cannizzaro Reaction Mechanism: Step(01) formation of dianion: In… Read More »Cannizzaro Reaction
Base catalyzed rearrangement in which α-halo ketone or cyclopropane having at least one α-H reacts with base give carboxylic acid or their derivatives. In favorskii rearrangement, the base decides our product e.g. if alkoxide is… Read More »Favorskii Rearrangement
An Acid catalyzed rearrangement in which 1,2-diol or pinacole is converted to carbonyl compound is called pinacole- pinacolone rearrangement. Pinacole : 2,3- dimethyl butane-2,3-diol Pinacolone :3,3-dimethyl-2- butanone Reaction of Pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement: Mechanism of pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement:… Read More »Pinacole-pinacolone rearrangement
