Written by Aleena Imdad
UV Vis spectroscopy is also known as electronic spectroscopy which involves the absorption of electromagnetic radiations and results in the excitation of electrons from low-energy molecular orbitals to high-energy molecular orbitals. The UV Vis region absorbs radiations in the range of 200-400nm. This type of spectroscopy is used to find aromatic conjugation within molecules. […]
Written by Sara Saleem
[ez-toc] Intermediates are the type of species that formed during a chemical reaction. They are short-lived species with low stability, but their stability may increase by further rearrangements. In any chemical reaction, almost two types of intermediates are formed: Synthetic intermediates Reactive intermediates What are synthetic intermediates? Synthetic intermediates are our main products, they are […]
Written by chemistwizards.com
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Written by chemistwizards.com
The most important chemical reactions of monosaccharides are: Action of strong acids; Furfural formation Enolization or Tautomerization Oxidation or Sugar acid formation Reduction or Sugar alcohol formation Osazone formation or Action of phenylhydrazine [ez-toc] Furfural formation: Sugar loses water when heated with acid substances (H2SO4 or HCl) and generates furfural derivatives. It is also known […]
Written by Aleena Imdad
The word Aromatherapy is a combination of two words Aroma meaning ‘smell‘ and therapy meaning ‘treatment‘. What is Aromatherapy? Aromatherapy is a natural process that uses essential oil as the main therapeutic reagent to heal person’s mind, body and soul. Essential oils are mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ethers, ketones, oxides, […]
Written by Sara Saleem
Nutraceuticals are the products that are derived from food sources, they have extra health benefits other than simple nutritional value. History about nutraceuticals: The term nutraceuticals combine by two words nutrient and pharmaceuticals. Nutrient mean nourishing food components and pharmaceuticals means medical drug. The name of nutraceuticals was coined by the American scientist Stephen DeFelice […]
Written by Ifrah Akhtar
What are Proteins? [ez-toc] Proteins consist of linear sequences of amino acids that are connected by peptide bonds. The arrangement of these amino acids carries the information needed to a protein molecule with a distinctive three-dimensional structure. The 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins are connected together by peptide bonds. On a chemical basis: […]
Written by Komal Rafiq
SCOPE OF CHEMISTRY Everything around us deals with chemistry. When we say a thing like a scope, we come to know that it’s a branch of science that is as old as mankind, and at the same time, it went through the evolution phases just like human beings. From the atmosphere to the sea, plants […]
Written by chemistwizards.com
What are the vitamins? Vitamins are defined as the organic compounds or nutrients that are required in small quantities to perform specific biological functions for normal maintenance of optimum growth and health of organism. Vitamins are not synthesized by the body, and therefore need to supplied through the diet. [ez-toc] Classification of Vitamins: The vitamins […]
Written by Ifrah Akhtar
Definition: Lipids are the organic compounds that can be obtained from cells and tissues by non-polar organic solvents. Lipids are not polymers. Lipids are insoluble in water but they are soluble in organic solvents like benzene, carbon tetrachloride, ether and acetone. Although they dissolve in all organic solvents; but highly soluble in non-polar organic solvents. […]
